Photobiomodulation Research: Dose vs Time
Every dot is one positive-outcome study. Together they span nearly 5 orders of magnitude of irradiance and time. Diagonal dashed lines mark constant fluence (energy per area). Hover any dot for the study citation. Click a category in the legend to isolate it.
Marker shapes: ● circles = LED panels and large-spot (≥1 cm² beam) studies, comparable to consumer red-light devices · ▲ triangles = small-spot laser studies (<1 cm² beam or "laser" in title), typically dental/acupuncture applications delivering high intensity to tiny tissue areas.
Source: Vladimir Heiskanen's PBM research database · 1,965 positive-outcome studies (colored) and 46 negative/null-outcome studies (black ×) · Irradiance: computed from power ÷ beam area where available, else reported value · Time: computed from fluence ÷ irradiance where available, else reported value · Rows flagged uncertain or where reported vs computed time disagree by >100× have been dropped · Values above 105 mW/cm² omitted.
*Extended exposure with Ironforge and Ironforge Mini requires allowing tissue to cool between passes. If the device feels uncomfortably warm, move on and return after cooling.
Interactions: hover a legend entry to highlight its dots · click to toggle a category on/off · double-click to isolate one category (double-click again to restore all)
Source: Vladimir Heiskanen's PBM research database · 1,965 positive-outcome studies (colored) and 46 negative/null-outcome studies (black ×) · Irradiance: computed from power ÷ beam area where available, else reported value · Time: computed from fluence ÷ irradiance where available, else reported value · Rows flagged uncertain or where reported vs computed time disagree by >100× have been dropped · Values above 105 mW/cm² omitted.
*Extended exposure with Ironforge and Ironforge Mini requires allowing tissue to cool between passes. If the device feels uncomfortably warm, move on and return after cooling.
Interactions: hover a legend entry to highlight its dots · click to toggle a category on/off · double-click to isolate one category (double-click again to restore all)
